api.video lets you quickly and securely deliver on-demand and live-stream videos directly from your website, software, or app. 

api.video

Glossary-VoD.svg

## What is VOD?
VOD stands for "Video On Demand". Video on demand (VOD) is a media distribution system that allows viewers to watch content whenever they choose. This means that content is not livestreamed and it does not play on a schedule, as it happens on television. VOD systems typically distribute media using internet connections, so good bandwidth is important to get the best results for viewers. Popular platforms providing VOD services include Netflix, Hulu, Disney, Amazon Prime Video and many others.

[VOD](https://api.video/blog/video-trends/what-is-vod-how-it-works/) platforms face unique challenges due to the diverse range of internet connections and viewing devices used by their audiences. Each user’s connection quality and viewing console vary, making it crucial for these platforms to adapt and deliver consistent, high-quality streams. To tackle this, codecs are continually refined and developed to compress and transmit video more efficiently. The aim is to ensure that every viewer, regardless of their device or connection speed, enjoys the best possible streaming experience.

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## Types of VOD
There are different kinds of VOD platforms available today.
1. **Build Your Own VOD Platform**: Utilize services like api.video, which offer a video-centric CDN. This allows you to upload, transcode, host, stream, and analyze your video content, giving you complete control over the creation and management of your platform from scratch.
2. **Subscription VOD**: Examples of suscription VOD platforms are Netflix and Hulu that provide consumers with unlimited access to a vast library of content for a recurring fee. This model allows users to watch any available content on these platforms at any time.
3. **Pay-Per-View VOD**: This model lets users purchase the right to view a specific video once or buy a digital copy for unlimited access. An excellent example is Amazon Prime Video, where you can rent movies for a one-time viewing or purchase them to watch anytime.
4. **Advertising VOD**: Designed for advertisers, this model involves placing ads on popular subscription platforms. Advertisers pay to have their ads shown to targeted audiences during various shows. Since ads and content are streamed to users' devices, they can also include interactive elements for enhanced engagement.

## VOD at api.video
Here are some important points to note about [VOD at api.video](https://api.video/product/video-on-demand/). 
- **[All Videos](https://docs.api.video/reference/api/Videos)** uploaded to api.video are available as VOD.
- **[Live streams](https://docs.api.video/reference/api/Live-Streams#post_live-streams)** at api.video with the parameter `record=true` are saved and re-encoded as VOD after the stream ends.
- **[Private videos](https://api.video/blog/product-updates/video-access-management-how-to-create-deliver-and-manage-private-videos-and-what/)**: VOD videos with the parameter `public=false` will have unique playback links - allowing for just one view per link (to prevent the sharing of the video).  

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_Start using api.video now by [signing-up](https://dashboard.api.video/register) for a free sandbox account!_

Glossary-Watermarking.svg

## What is video watermarking? 
Watermarking was around for centuries before it went digital. It's regularly used to help guarantee the authenticity of money and stamps and prevent counterfeiting. When used digitally, it's often to help guarantee security. However, watermarking can be used in other ways too.

For videos, you can still use watermarking to guarantee authenticity, but it can also be used for: 
* Branding - a watermark lets people know what company created the content being viewed.
* Content control - a watermark can help prevent someone else claiming it is their content. It can also make it clear when content is available for demo purposes only, or provide details about how the video can be used.  

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A popular place you'll see watermarks is when you want to use a stock image from a site. Often the watermark is there until you pay to use the image. You've also probably seen watermarking on your favorite social media platforms. Many content creators place a logo or their handle on their content so it's more difficult for other users to claim as their own. 

## Watermarking and api.video
Because watermarking is so popular, api.video now offers the ability to include watermarks on all your video content. It's a very simple process - you upload your selected watermark, and then you can add that watermark to the videos you create.

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## What is YCbCr?
YCbCr (also Y'CbCr, Y Pb/Cb Pr/Cr) is a family of color spaces used in videos and digital photography that separates brightness (luma) from chroma (color). Green is naturally included as part of brightness because it's the color people are most sensitive to. By storing luma and chroma data separately, compression algorithms can retain more luma since humans are most sensitive to it and drop chroma.

### What does YCbCr stands for?
"Y" is used to represent luminance (or luma), "Cb" represents blue-difference, and "Cr" represents red-difference.

Using chroma subsampling, some color information can be dropped without a lot of negative impact on what you see. And, using gamma correction, luminance can be optimized, again by taking advantage of [how humans see light and color](https://api.video/blog/video-trends/5-ways-the-human-eye-impacts-video-compression/).

We are more sensitive to the differences between darker tones than we are differences between lighter tones. [Gamma correction](https://api.video/what-is/gamma-correction/) stores tones more efficiently and redistributes them closer to how we actually see them.

CbCr plane of the YCbCr color space, with a Y value of 0.5, Cb on the horizontal x axis going from -1 to 1, Cr on the y axis going from -1 to 1 as well

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## YCbCr color space names and usage
YCbCr color spaces are based on the RGB color model. They are routinely used for storage and data transmission because of how efficiently they compress color data in images and video. YCbCr is sometimes abbreviated to YCC. When used for analog video, it's sometimes referred to as YPbPr. You may also sometimes hear people refer to YCbCr as YUV. YUV is specifically for analog TV while YCbCr is for digital TV, so the terms shouldn't be used interchangeably.

## YCbCr accuracy requirements
YCbCr prioritizes what to store and display based on how we see. This means the most brightness and green are saved in every image. Then some red, and a little bit of blue. We use chroma subsampling to process and remove some of the red and blue color data and gamma, contrast, and brightness processing for the luminance data.

video-transcription-glossary.svg

## What is video transcription?
Video transcription is the process of converting the audio content of a video into written text. This powerful tool bridges the gap between auditory and visual content, making video more accessible, searchable, and versatile across various platforms and use cases.

## The video transcription process
At its core, video transcription involves carefully listening to the audio track of a video and documenting every spoken word, along with relevant non-verbal cues. This can be done manually by human transcriptionists or through automated speech recognition (ASR) technology. Many modern transcription workflows combine both approaches, using AI to generate an initial transcript and human editors to refine and perfect the text.

Accurate transcription requires not only capturing the words spoken but also conveying the context and meaning. This includes noting speaker changes, capturing background sounds or music, and indicating tonal shifts or emotions when relevant. The result is a comprehensive textual representation of the video's audio content.

## Applications and benefits
The applications of video transcription span across numerous industries and use cases.
- In the realm of content creation, transcripts make videos more accessible to deaf or hard-of-hearing viewers.
- They also enhance SEO by making video content searchable and indexable by search engines.
- For educational institutions, transcripts provide students with valuable study aids and make lectures more accessible.
- In the business world, transcribed meetings and webinars become searchable archives of information.
- Legal and medical professionals use transcription services to create accurate records of proceedings or patient interactions.
- Media companies leverage transcripts for creating subtitles, closed captions, and translations, expanding their content's reach to global audiences.

## Technological advancements
Recent advancements in artificial intelligence and machine learning have revolutionized the field of video transcription. Modern ASR systems can achieve impressive accuracy rates, even in challenging audio environments. These systems can often distinguish between multiple speakers, recognize specialized vocabulary, and adapt to different accents or speech patterns.

Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques are also being employed to enhance transcription quality. These algorithms can understand context, correct errors based on sentence structure, and even capture nuances like sarcasm or emphasis that might be missed by simpler systems.

## Challenges of video transcription
While technology has made great strides, video transcription still faces challenges. Background noise, overlapping speakers, or poor audio quality can significantly impact transcription accuracy. Specialized terminology, such as technical jargon or proper nouns, can also pose difficulties for automated systems.

## The future of video transcription
As AI continues to evolve, we can expect even more accurate and context-aware transcription systems. Real-time transcription capabilities are likely to improve, enabling live captioning for broadcasts and events. Integration with other technologies, such as augmented reality, could lead to innovative applications we've yet to imagine.  

## Video transcription at api.video
At api.video, we offer an integrated [AI video transcription](https://api.video/product/ai-features/transcription/) feature. This tool automatically generates accurate transcripts for your videos in multiple languages, easily handles various accents and speech patterns. With api.video's transcription feature, you can quickly create add captions or subtitles effortlessly, generate searchable content and expand your video's reach across global audiences and platforms.

## What is a video streaming API?

A video streaming API (Application Programming Interface), is software that allows a program to quickly and easily assimilate video streaming features.  

Taking a step back, an API is any interface between 2 programs that allow them to speak to one another. In the case of a video streaming API, one of the programs being connected is a video streaming system. 

The advantage of a video streaming API is that a developer can easily integrate video features into their app.  They can focus on other features, knowing that all of the complexity and domain knowledge needed for streaming is just “taken care of” by the API.

## What does a video streaming API do?

That sort of depends. Each video streaming API will have slightly different features, but we can list the common ones that appear in most APIs.


### Video on Demand (VOD) streaming API

Video on Demand APIs will allow you to stream pre-recorded videos to your customers.  Generally these API endpoints will allow you to upload a video, and the API will encode, store and deliver the video for you. 
In addition to upload/storage and playback, the VOD API might also include APIs to control:

* Poster: Change the image that appears before the video starts.
* Captioning: Add captions to the video
* Chapters: Mark points in the video
* Advertising: Insert ads - before, during or after the video.


### Video Player API

Some video streaming APIs offer a video player. The player may be customizable via the API - allowing you to create different players for different audiences.  You'll likely be able to change many aspects of the player skin - such as colors and logos.  Some Video streaming APIs offer *only* a player, while others may recommend players to add into the API.

### Video analytics API

As your viewer begins to watch your videos, you'll probably want playback data on how viewers are consuming the content. Since the videos are being served from the API's network, these analytics are often available. - how many views, where they are - the type of device, etc.  You might even have access to session data - how much of the video was watched, how much of it was skipped?  Did the users watch at 2x speed?



## Video streaming API at api.video

We're a video API.  We offer VOD, live, player and analytics APIs to help developers easily add streaming video to tehri offering.  We'll handle all the encoding, hosting, CDN, network and delivery - and even give you a player with analytics that you can use our API to parse.




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video streaming by ProSymbols from the Noun Project

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## What is a video resolution? What does it mean?
In a nutshell, video resolution relates to the total number of pixels that are contained within a single video frame. While the resolution of a video is typically calculated by multiplying the width and the height of a frame, it is generally referred to in terms of “p” — 360p, 480p, 720p, 1080p, and so on.

While you might believe that “p” stands for “pixel”, it actually stands for “progressive scan”, which relates to the method of loading the pixels of each video frame.

## How to change the resolution of a video?
Sometimes there will be instances where you need to change the resolution of your video. This can either be because you face video resolution limitations, so the video resolution needs to be decreased, or your video resolution needs to be increased in order to match a minimum requirement.

Either way, the only way to change the resolution of your video is by using a video resolution conversion app or service such as Movavi or Filmora.

You should be aware that increasing video resolution won’t improve the native quality of your video. This means that a video shot in 480p might look gritty (or “noisy”) if it’s converted to a 1080p resolution.

## What is a video player?
A video player is hardware or software that allows for the playback of video.

In the past, most video players were hardware based, like the BetaMax pictured above, but today, most video players are software based, running on phones, browsers, or computers to play back video content. There are applications that can be installed to playback videos like Windows Media Player, VLC, Quicktime, etc.  In this definition, we will focus primarily on players that are web based - meaning that they are played in the browser (or are embedded in an application by way of JavaScript and the browser).

## What is a browser video player?
Browsers that support HTML5 have an embedded video player.  The [video tag](https://api.video/blog/video-trends/the-code-behind-the-magic-the-video-tag/) was introduced in 2008 as a part of the HTML5 specification. This standardization of video on the web has helped the explosion of video content online.  All the playback and event attributes were made the same, allowing for easy playback of content - no matter which browser was being used.

Of course, each browser has slightly different video [codec](https://api.video/what-is/codec/) support, which slightly complicates things.  h.264 video is supported by 98% of browsers.  VP8/VP9 webm video is supported  by 78% of browsers, and the numbers get worse after that.  To make matters worse, only the Safari browser supports HLS video streaming.

Video streaming playback has become the de-facto way to deliver content - using adaptive bitrate to make the video delivery responsive for all screen sizes, requiring the addition of a Javascript based player to enable this playback.

## JavaScript Video players
There are a number of JavaScript video players that can be embedded into your webpage for video playback. These players extend the HTML5 video engine to playback streaming video - HLS or MPEG-DASH. Some of these players are free and open source, and others are premium applications.  

At api.video, we supply a [customizable HTML5 video player](https://api.video/product/player/) based on video.js with each video.  It can be further controlled with our [player SDK](https://docs.api.video/sdks/player/apivideo-player-sdk).

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Vod (video on demand)

What is VOD?

Types of VOD

VOD at api.video